Philippe Pinel The Library of Congress. Reproduced with permission. Pinel's extensive contributions to medical research also include data on the development, prognosis, and frequency of occurrence of various illnesses, and experiments measuring the effectiveness of medicines. Pinel's practice of interacting individually with his patients in a humane and understanding manner represented the first known attempt at psychotherapy.
He also emphasized the importance of physical hygiene and exercise, and pioneered in recommending productive work for mental patients.
In addition, Pinel concerned himself with the proper administration of psychiatric facilities, including the training of their personnel. On April 20 , , French physician Philippe Pinel was born. He was instrumental in the development of a more humane psychological approach to the custody and care of psychiatric patients , referred to today as moral therapy.
I have no where met, excepting in romances, with fonder husbands, more affectionate parents, more impassioned. Philippe Pinel Pinel first came to medicine through theology and philosophy at the age of He received a diploma for a mathematical-statistical thesis.
He received his doctorate from the Faculty of Philosophy in and from the Faculty of Medicine in and then studied for four more years at the Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier.
In , Pinel moved to Paris. Further, the scientist contributed to the Journal de Physique and continued studying mathematics , medicine and botany. Philippe Pinel only began to occupy himself with psychiatry in , after he had come into contact with the mentally ill in the private clinic of the carpenter Jacques Belhomme Pinel applied at the private sanatoria for the treatment of insanity in Paris and remained there for five years prior to the Revolution.
Pinel was able to complete observations on insanity and started to formulate his views on its nature and treatment. In he already published an article on the treatment of the mentally ill. He established a precise doctrine of the symptoms of mental illness and thus gave psychiatry of the 19th century a new basis. One of his major works was philosophical nosography.
His efforts were aimed at establishing a natural system for the individual illnesses. Instead of systematics and philosophy, descriptive descriptive observation was important for Pinel. Pinel was professor of hygiene and pathology at the University of Paris from until , when he was removed by the government because of his past association with persons involved in the Revolution and because he had served as a consulting physician to Napoleon I for a few years after However, at the time of his death, on Oct.
The best source of information on Pinel's ideas and methods is his Treatise on Insanity, translated by David Daniel Davis ; repr. A good recent study of Pinel, especially for the relation he felt to the medical ideas of Greek antiquity, is Walter Riese, The Legacy of Philippe Pinel All rights reserved.
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