Thomas in Brno Alma Mater University of Vienna Known for "Discovering" modern genetics Religion Roman Catholic Gregor Johann Mendel July 20, — January 6, was an Augustinian abbot who is often called the "father of modern genetics " for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants.
Mendel showed that the inheritance of traits follows particular laws, which were later named after him. The significance of Mendel's work was not recognized until the turn of the 20th century. Skip navigation. Johann Gregor Mendel studied plants and their patterns of inheritance in Austria during the nineteenth century. He had two sisters, Veronica and Theresia, with whom he spent his youth working on the year-old family farm.
At the urging of the vicar and village schoolmaster, Mendel attended a secondary school and gymnasium. During his three years in Olomouc, Mendel studied philosophy, physics and mathematics, and he was beset with financial worries.
Due to fiscal pressures, Mendel entered the Augustian St. At this time Mendel, born Johann Mendel, adopted the name Gregor and began his scientific work, taking on many roles including priest, high-school teacher, botanist, and abbot.
Mendel pursued studies in theology, and upon the completion of his studies, he worked as a chaplain in a nearby parish serviced by the abbey. After a number of years he was relieved of his duties and in , he was reassigned to Znaim, now Znojmo, Czech Republic, where he served as a substitute teacher in a local grammar school.
In the certification examination, Mendel performed well in all sections excepting geology and zoology, so he failed to receive his certificate. Shortly after, Andreas Baumgartner, professor of physics at the University of Vienna in Vienna, Austria, recommended that Mendel study at the university to complete his education. From to , Mendel trained in mathematics, chemistry, and plant physiology at the University of Vienna.
Gregor Mendel. Gregor Mendel's work in pea led to our understanding of the foundational principles of inheritance. Keeping the peas. Mendel did not set out to conduct the first well-controlled and brilliantly-designed experiments in genetics.
His goal was to create hybrid pea plants and observe the outcome. His observations led to more experiments, which led to unusually prescient conclusions.
By simply counting peas and keeping meticulous notes, Mendel established the principles of inheritance, coined the terms dominant and recessive, and was the first to use statistical methods to analyze and predict hereditary information. For eight years, Mendel cultivated thousands of pea plants and used a paintbrush to painstakingly transfer pollen from one plant to another to make his crosses all the while still attending to his duties as a monk and a teacher.
After the peas. In the years following the publication of his work, Mendel continued his interest in science: he attempted cross-breeding experiments with hawkweed and bees and became a meticulous record keeper of meteorological and astronomical data. He was elected abbot of his parish in and became a political activist in his later years, during which time he protested the taxation of his parish. At age 61, he died of kidney failure. This page appears in the eBook Essentials of Genetics, Unit 3.
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